国产热热热精品,亚洲视频久久】日韩,三级婷婷在线久久,99人妻精品视频,精品九热人人肉肉在线,AV东京热一区二区,91po在线视频观看,久久激情宗合,青青草黄色手机视频

Global EditionASIA 中文雙語(yǔ)Fran?ais
Opinion
Home / Opinion / Chinese Perspectives

Chinese modernization gaining momentum

By Wang Fan,Li Yuju,Zheng Fengtian and Wang Yiwei | CHINA DAILY | Updated: 2026-04-24 08:50
Share
Share - WeChat

Western modernization inherently flawed

By Li Yuju

Western nations have long dominated the discourse on modernization, leading many scholars to view Westernization as the sole pathway to modernization.

However, amid global transformations, the inherent drawbacks of this approach — characterized by five defining features — are becoming increasingly apparent. First, the global economic growth momentum is weakening. Even before the war between the United States and Iran, the World Bank had projected in 2023 that average annual growth rate through 2030 would be merely around 2.2 percent.

Second, the pitfalls associated with democracy are becoming evident. Political polarization is intensifying, and populism is on the rise. Support for certain populist forces in the European Parliament has increased from around 7 percent in 1998 to over 25 percent in 2018.

Third, social progress is stagnant. Economic development is uneven, societies are deeply fractured, and the wealth gap continues to widen.

French economist Thomas Piketty argues that wealth inequality in developed Western nations has approached levels not seen since the peak of the early 20th century.

Fourth, there is chaos in global governance. Unilateralism and hegemonism are rampant. Institutional reforms, such as those needed for the United Nations, face significant obstacles, while the US has withdrawn from numerous key international organizations, hindering effective global governance.

Fifth, safety risks have been overshadowed by escalating debt risks, and non-traditional crises are occurring more frequently and with greater intensity. For example, in 2025, the average debt level among G7 nations was 123.2 percent, with the highest reaching 250 percent.

Moreover, the majority of developing countries that adopted Western models after World War II have struggled to achieve full modernization, with many experiencing stagnation in their development.

The World Bank has highlighted this issue in two special reports on the "middle-income trap", noting that out of more than 100 countries, only a dozen or so have successfully transitioned from middle-income to high-income status.

Critical reflections on Western modernization by both Chinese and foreign scholars have a long history. In the early 20th century, Liang Qichao, a prominent Chinese thinker, critiqued the limitations of Westernization in his book based on his observations in Europe.

In the 21st century, American scholar Francis Fukuyama discussed the developmental challenges facing Western nations, while Piketty argued that Western free-market economies are inherently unable to fully address issues like inequality.

The limitations of Western modernization provide reference for China's explorations. Chinese modernization presents an alternative pathway to modernity, embodying both the general laws of modernization and its distinctive characteristics.

The Chinese government has clearly articulated an integrated framework of Chinese modernization covering goals, features, pathways, tasks and measures as well as the forces for advancement.

The role of the economy is crucial, as economic progress is the foundation of overall modernization. Advancing Chinese modernization is a systematic endeavor, with economic development serving as the cornerstone and key driver of this process.

Li Yuju is the deputy director of the Research Center on Xi Jinping's Economic Thought.

|<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next   >>|
Most Viewed in 24 Hours
Top
BACK TO THE TOP
English
Copyright 1994 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
土默特右旗| 延边| 卓资县| 尚志市| 临汾市| 高雄市| 石阡县| 靖江市| 邯郸县| 三原县| 开封市| 广宗县| 县级市| 开封县| 温宿县| 奉化市| 庆阳市| 昌邑市| 呼图壁县| 浪卡子县| 乐陵市| 延长县| 盐城市| 隆昌县| 阜新市| 孝感市| 维西| 浦东新区| 西林县| 成安县| 扶余县| 潮安县| 佛坪县| 呼和浩特市| 田东县| 民乐县| 栾城县| 桓台县| 永善县| 涿鹿县| 灌南县|